Inlays and onlays are custom-made indirect restorations used to repair teeth that have lost more structure than is ideal for a conventional filling but may not require a full crown. They are designed outside the mouth and then bonded or cemented to the prepared tooth.
An inlay sits within the cusps of the tooth and replaces the damaged internal portion. An onlay extends over one or more cusps, allowing the restoration to protect areas that have become weakened.
Because they can replace only the compromised part of the tooth, inlays and onlays may preserve more natural tooth structure than a full-coverage crown in suitable cases.
Inlays and onlays can be made from ceramic or porcelain, composite resin or gold. Ceramic can provide a highly natural appearance, while gold has a long history as a durable restorative material. Material selection depends on the tooth, bite, aesthetics, available space and the intended longevity.
Daily plaque control, interdental cleaning and regular dental examinations are important. Patients who grind or clench should discuss whether additional protection is needed.
1. Assessment – the tooth and existing restoration are examined and the amount of healthy structure is assessed.
2. Preparation – decay, damaged tissue or an old restoration is removed and the tooth is shaped conservatively.
3. Digital scan or impression – accurate records are taken for the laboratory.
4. Temporary protection – where required, a temporary restoration protects the tooth between visits.
5. Laboratory manufacture – the inlay or onlay is constructed to the prescribed shape and material.
6. Try-in – fit, contacts and bite are checked.
7. Bonding or cementation – the final restoration is securely placed and the bite is refined.
Inlays and onlays can conserve healthy tooth structure, provide precise anatomy and contacts and offer a durable solution for selected posterior teeth. They can also be easier to repair or replace conservatively than a full crown in some situations.
They require adequate remaining tooth structure and careful case selection. They are not appropriate where the tooth is too heavily damaged, the margins cannot be predictably maintained or a different form of coverage is required.
Not universally. They can be more conservative where sufficient healthy tooth structure remains, while a crown may be more appropriate when greater coverage is required.
They are designed as durable restorations, but longevity depends on material, tooth condition, bite, habits, oral hygiene and maintenance.
Local anaesthetic is normally used where required. Some temporary sensitivity can occur after treatment, but persistent symptoms should be assessed.
In selected cases an onlay can protect weakened cusps, but the suitability depends on the location and extent of the crack and the condition of the tooth.
Every smile is different, and understanding what you would like to change is the first step. Complete our short form and tell us a little about your concerns, goals or previous dental experiences. A friendly member of the Smile Solutions team will then contact you to discuss your options, answer your questions and help you decide what feels right for you, with no pressure to book.
